Day 340 min

Seven note names and the octave

All of music is built from seven names, repeating forever. Today you get all of them, and you find out why they repeat.

Seven names, then round again

There are only seven letters used to name notes: A B C D E F G. After G you go back to A. There is no H, no I. All the music in the world runs on those seven.

Count right from C and you get C D E F G A B, then back round to C.

Notice we start counting at C, not at A, even though A comes first alphabetically. The reason goes a long way back into musical history, but the practical upshot is that C is the most convenient place to start — the most basic scale of all begins exactly there.

Play left to right and say the names out loud as you go: C, D, E, F, G, A, B, C.

The octave, and why those notes sound the same

Play a C, then play the next C up. The two are clearly different in pitch, yet they somehow feel like the same note. That is the octave at work.

C · CDifferent heights, same note.

The reason is physics. The upper note vibrates exactly twice as fast as the lower one, and our ears read that two-to-one ratio as sameness. Every musical culture on the planet discovered this independently.

octave 2octave 3octave 4octave 5
C to the next C is one octave. Inside it are twelve keys: seven white, five black.

To be precise about which C you mean, add a number. Middle C is C4; the one an octave above is C5; the one below is C3. The number changes at C, not at A.

Finding any note at all

You already have everything you need. Find a black-key group, take C or F from it, and count right through the alphabet. You do not memorise where every note lives — you memorise two landmarks and walk from there.

To finddo this
Cleft of a group of two black keys
Dbetween the two black keys of the group of two
Eright of the group of two
Fleft of a group of three black keys
Gbetween the first and second black keys of the group of three
Abetween the second and third black keys of the group of three
Bright of the group of three
Do not memorise this table. Just absorb that everything is measured from the black-key groups.

All seven names

Press the key matching each name. No labels this time.

G4

Question 1 of 7

No labels now — use the black-key groups to find it

Put in the reps

These eight notes are the seven names you just learned, running up to the next C. The hard part is not the names, it is the fourth note, where the thumb has to pass under the hand to reach F.

Eight note names up to the next C

When the thumb passes under to F, do not let the wrist lift out of its way. If the line stumbles there every single round, slow down until the thumb is already waiting underneath before its turn arrives.

52BPMCurrent tempo
Ckey 1 of 2
0/4Tempo rungs cleared
0/4Clean reps in a row
C1D2E3F1G2A3B4C5

Loop it in time with the clicks. 4 clean reps in a row moves you up a rung; one slip starts the count again · from 52 up to 76 BPM · after the first key it moves through 2 more

Hot Cross BunsEnglish traditional · 80 BPM · 4/4
12345
80% · 64 BPM %
0%Accuracy
0Hit
0Missed
1Bar

Three notes for the whole piece: C, D and E. Get the right hand fluent before you add anything underneath.

Your first piece, built from the three note names you just learned. · Open in the practice room

Today's minigame

Note rush across one octave

A note name appears and you press the right key before the timer runs out. It speeds up as you go.

Trains: finding keys without counting up from C every time

This game needs keys. The on-screen keyboard, your computer keys, or MIDI all work.

Run the names up an octavePlay C D E F G A B C in order, saying each name aloud as you press it.
What is an octave?Answer a question about octaves.
Hunt notes at randomFind the named note with no labels. Repeat until you can play it without counting.
Take the pattern up to tempoToday's loop, a notch faster than the lesson version. Repeat it as often as you like — it comes back on its own when it is due.
Play Hot Cross Buns throughRight hand, the whole piece at 70% of the written tempo

All homework lives on the homework page. Repeat it as often as you like — anything you're still shaky on gets pushed back to the top by itself.

SummaryThere are only seven note names, A to G, and then they repeatWe count from C because the most basic scale of all starts thereOne octave holds twelve keys: seven white, five blackNotes an octave apart sound like the same note because the upper one vibrates exactly twice as fastThe number after the name gives the octave. Middle C is C4, and the number rolls over at C, not at A
Done with day 3?

No rush. If you're not confident yet, run the minigame above once more before marking it done.

  • Read every part · 0 of 4
  • Take the drill up to target tempo · 0 of 1
  • Clear 60% of today's minigame · 0 of 1
  • Come back and practise again later · 0 of 2 sittings